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SITE INFO Dedications Site Background Contact SITE NAVIGATION HOME Spanish Studies Pronunciation Lessons Numbers Time Date Verbs Verb Tenses Verb Conjugation Grammar Gender Grammar Terms Pronouns Reflexive Vocabulary Adjectives Noun Cognates Prepositions Verb Lists Vocabulary Lists VERB CONJUGATION Indicative Mood Present Tense Regular -ar Verbs Regular -er Verbs Regular -ir Verbs Stem e -> ie Stem o -> ue Stem e -> i Stem iar: i -> í Stem uar: u -> ú Stem uir: i -> y Stem ger/gir: g -> j Yo form -oy Yo form -zco Yo form -go Imperfect Tense AR Verbs ER & IR Verbs Preterite Tense Regular AR Verbs Ending -car Ending -gar Ending -zar ER/IR Verbs ER/IR Verbs vowel Stem IR Stem-changers Irregular Stems Future Tense Regular Verbs Irregular Stems Conditional Tense Regular Verbs Irregular Stems Progressive Tenses Perfect Tenses Reference Subject Pronouns yo nosotros nosotras tú* vosotros vosotras él ella Usted ellos ellas Ustedes *In some countries in Central & South America vos is used instead of tú. Reflexive Pronouns me nos te os se  se Direct Object Pronouns me nos te os lo la lo/la los las los/las Indirect Object Pronouns me nos te os le les	Preterite Tense: -AR verb conjugation   Most AR verbs are not affected by irregularities in any way in the formation of the preterite tense. An important factor to watch in the formation of some verbs is spelling changes. A few AR verbs are irregular, but for the most part the pattern below will be valid. Stem changes that occur in the present tense DO NOT AFFECT the preterite tense formation in AR verbs. yo -é nosotros, nosotras -amos tú -aste vosotros, vosotras -asteis él, ella, Usted -ó ellos, ellas, Ustedes -aron   ignore cantar to sing, chant singen continuar (u -> ú) to continue weitermachen encontrar (o -> ue) to meet, encounter treffen esquiar (i - í) to ski skifahren, skilaufen hablar to speak sprechen jugar (u -> ue) to play (sports, games) spielen, treiben pensar (e -> ie) to think denken preguntar to ask (a question) fragen trabajar to work, labor arbeiten To make the preterite forms, drop the -ar from the end of the infinitive and add the endings given above. Notice that the NOSOTROS form is exactly the same in the present & preterite tenses. To see the preterite tense conjugated forms of these verbs, click on a pronoun below: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Preterite tense: -AR verb conjugation Yo form To make this form, drop the -ar from the end of the infinitive and add -é to the stem. This is an event. This is what I did. deutsch cantar canté I sang I did sing, chant ich habe gesungen continuar continué I continued I did continue ich habe weitergemacht encontrar encontré I met, encountered I did meet, encounter ich habe getroffen esquiar esquié I skied I did ski ich bin Ski gefahren/gelaufen hablar hablé I spoke I did speak ich habe gesprochen jugar jugué * I played I did play ich habe gespielt pensar pensé I thought I did think ich habe gedacht preguntar pregunté I asked (questions) I did ask (questions) ich habe gefragt trabajar trabajé I worked, labored I did work, labor ich habe gearbeitet The pronoun YO does not need to be stated in the preterite. It is already clear by the ending that YO is doing the action. The preterite tense reflects an action as a reported event. It provides importance to the fact that it happened. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top Preterite tense: -AR verb conjugation Tú form To make this form, drop the -ar from the end of the infinitive and add -aste to the stem. Tex-Mex forms of these verbs invert the ending somewhat, so that people generally add the ending -ates. This is the event. This is what you did. deutsch cantar cantaste you sang you did sing, chant du hast gesungen continuar continuaste you continued you did continue du hast weitergemacht encontrar encontraste you met, encountered you did meet, encounter du hast getroffen esquiar esquiaste you skied you did ski du bist Ski gefahren/gelaufen hablar hablaste you spoke you did speak du hast gesprochen jugar jugaste you played you did play du hast gespielt pensar pensaste you thought you did think du hast gedacht preguntar preguntaste you asked (questions) you did ask (questions) du hast gefragt trabajar trabajaste you worked, labored you did work, labor du hast gearbeitet The pronoun TÚ does not need to be stated in the preterite. It is already clear by the ending that TÚ is doing the action. The preterite tense reflects an action as a reported event. It provides importance to the fact that it happened. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top Preterite tense: -AR verb conjugation Él form To make this form, drop the -ar from the end of the infinitive and add -ó to the stem. This is the event. This is what he did. deutsch cantar cantó he sang he did sing, chant er hat gesungen continuar continuó he continued he did continue er hat weitergemacht encontrar encontró he met, encountered he did meet, encounter er hat getroffen esquiar esquió he skied he did ski er ist Ski gefahren/gelaufen hablar habló he spoke he did speak er hat gesprochen jugar jugó he played he did play er hat gespielt pensar pensó he thought he did think er hat gedacht preguntar preguntó he asked (questions) he did ask (questions) er hat gefragt trabajar trabajó he worked, labored he did work, labor er hat gearbeitet The pronoun ÉL needs to be stated in the preterite, because the same form is used for ELLA & USTED. Once it is clear that ÉL is the subject, it can be left out in further statements. The preterite tense reflects an action as a reported event. It provides importance to the fact that it happened. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top Preterite tense: -AR verb conjugation Ella form To make this form, drop the -ar from the end of the infinitive and add -ó to the stem. This is the event. This is what she did. deutsch cantar cantó she sang she did sing, chant sie hat gesungen continuar continuó she continued she did continue sie hat weitergemacht encontrar encontró she met, encountered she did meet, encounter sie hat getroffen esquiar esquió she skied she did ski sie ist Ski gefahren/gelaufen hablar habló she spoke she did speak sie hat gesprochen jugar jugó she played she did play sie hat gespielt pensar pensó she thought she did think sie hat gedacht preguntar preguntó she asked (questions) she did ask (questions) sie hat gefragt trabajar trabajó she worked, labored she did work, labor sie hat gearbeitet The pronoun ELLA needs to be stated in the preterite, because the same form is used for ÉL & USTED. Once it is clear that ELLA is the subject, it can be left out in further statements. The preterite tense reflects an action as a reported event. It provides importance to the fact that it happened. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top Preterite tense: -AR verb conjugation Usted form To make this form, drop the -ar from the end of the infinitive and add -ó to the stem. This is the event. This is what You did. deutsch cantar cantó you sang you did sing, chant Sie haben gesungen continuar continuó you continued you did continue Sie haben weitergemacht encontrar encontró you met, encountered you did meet, encounter Sie haben getroffen esquiar esquió you skied you did ski Sie sind Ski gefahren/gelaufen hablar habló you spoke you did speak Sie haben gesprochen jugar jugó you played you did play Sie haben gespielt pensar pensó you thought you did think Sie haben gedacht preguntar preguntó you asked (questions) you did ask (questions) Sie haben gefragt trabajar trabajó you worked, labored you did work, labor Sie haben gearbeitet The pronoun USTED needs to be stated in the preterite, because the same form is used for ELLA & ÉL. Once it is clear that USTED is the subject, it can be left out in further statements. The preterite tense reflects an action as a reported event. It provides importance to the fact that it happened. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top Preterite tense: -AR verb conjugation Nosotros & Nosotras form To make this form, drop the -ar from the end of the infinitive and add -amos to the stem. Notice that the NOSOTROS form is exactly the same in the present & preterite tenses. This is the event. This is what we did. deutsch cantar cantamos we sang we did sing, chant wir haben gesungen continuar continuamos we continued we did continue wir haben weitergemacht encontrar encontramos we met, encountered we did meet, encounter wir haben getroffen esquiar esquiamos we skied we did ski wir sind Ski gefahren/gelaufen hablar hablamos we spoke we did speak wir haben gesprochen jugar jugamos we played we did play wir haben gespielt pensar pensamos we thought we did think wir haben gedacht preguntar preguntamos we asked (questions) we did ask (questions) wir haben gefragt trabajar trabajamos we worked, labored we did work, labor wir haben gearbeitet The pronoun NOSOTROS does not need to be stated in the preterite. It is already clear by the ending that NOSOTROS is doing the action. The preterite tense reflects an action as a reported event. It provides importance to the fact that it happened. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top Preterite tense: -AR verb conjugation Vosotros & Vosotras form To make this form, drop the -ar from the end of the infinitive and add -asteis to the stem. This is the event. This is what y'all did. deutsch cantar cantasteis y'all sang y'all did sing, chant ihr habt gesungen continuar continuasteis y'all continued y'all did continue ihr habt weitergemacht encontrar encontrasteis y'all met, encountered y'all did meet, encounter ihr habt getroffen esquiar esquiasteis y'all skied y'all did ski ihr seid Ski gefahren/gelaufen hablar hablasteis y'all spoke y'all did speak ihr habt gesprochen jugar jugasteis y'all played y'all did play ihr habt gespielt pensar pensasteis y'all thought y'all did think ihr habt gedacht preguntar preguntasteis y'all asked (questions) y'all did ask (questions) ihr habt gefragt trabajar trabajasteis y'all worked, labored y'all did work, labor ihr habt gearbeitet The pronoun VOSOTROS does not need to be stated in the preterite. It is already clear by the ending that VOSOTROS is doing the action. The preterite tense reflects an action as a reported event. It provides importance to the fact that it happened. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top Preterite tense: -AR verb conjugation Ellos form To make this form, drop the -ar from the end of the infinitive and add -aron to the stem. This form is important, as it is the basis for the formation of the past subjunctive. This is the event. This is what they did. deutsch cantar cantaron they sang, chanted they did sing, chant sie haben gesungen continuar continuaron they continued they did continue sie haben weitergemacht encontrar encontraron they met, encountered they did meet, encounter sie haben getroffen esquiar esquiaron they skied they did ski sie sind Ski gefahren/gelaufen hablar hablaron they spoke they did speak sie haben gesprochen jugar jugaron they played they did play sie haben gespielt pensar pensaron they thought they did think sie haben gedacht preguntar preguntaron they asked (questions) they did ask (questions) sie haben gefragt trabajar trabajaron they worked, labored they did work, labor sie haben gearbeitet The pronoun ELLOS needs to be stated in the preterite, because the same form is used for ELLAS & USTEDES. Once it is clear that ELLOS is the subject, it can be left out in further statements. The preterite tense reflects an action as a reported event. It provides importance to the fact that it happened. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top Preterite tense: -AR verb conjugation Ellas form To make this form, drop the -ar from the end of the infinitive and add -aron to the stem. This form is important, as it is the basis for the formation of the past subjunctive. This is the event. This is what they did. deutsch cantar cantaron they sang, chanted they did sing, chant sie haben gesungen continuar continuaron they continued they did continue sie haben weitergemacht encontrar encontraron they met, encountered they did meet, encounter sie haben getroffen esquiar esquiaron they skied they did ski sie sind Ski gefahren/gelaufen hablar hablaron they spoke they did speak sie haben gesprochen jugar jugaron they played they did play sie haben gespielt pensar pensaron they thought they did think sie haben gedacht preguntar preguntaron they asked (questions) they did ask (questions) sie haben gefragt trabajar trabajaron they worked, labored they did work, labor sie haben gearbeitet The pronoun ELLAS needs to be stated in the preterite, because the same form is used for ELLOS & USTEDES. Once it is clear that ELLAS is the subject, it can be left out in further statements. The preterite tense reflects an action as a reported event. It provides importance to the fact that it happened. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top Preterite tense: -AR verb conjugation Ustedes form To make this form, drop the -ar from the end of the infinitive and add -aron to the stem. This form is important, as it is the basis for the formation of the past subjunctive. This is the event. This is what y'all did. deutsch cantar cantaron Y'all sang, chanted Y'all did sing, chant sie haben gesungen continuar continuaron Y'all continued Y'all did continue sie haben weitergemacht encontrar encontraron Y'all met, encountered Y'all did meet, encounter sie haben getroffen esquiar esquiaron Y'all skied Y'all did ski sie sind Ski gefahren/gelaufen hablar hablaron Y'all spoke Y'all did speak sie haben gesprochen jugar jugaron Y'all played Y'all did play sie haben gespielt pensar pensaron Y'all thought Y'all did think sie haben gedacht preguntar preguntaron Y'all asked (questions) Y'all did ask (questions) sie haben gefragt trabajar trabajaron Y'all worked, labored Y'all did work, labor sie haben gearbeitet The pronoun USTEDES needs to be stated in the preterite, because the same form is used for ELLOS & ELLAS. Once it is clear that USTEDES is the subject, it can be left out in further statements. The preterite tense reflects an action as a reported event. It provides importance to the fact that it happened. A look at other forms: YO TÚ ÉL ELLA USTED NOSOTROS VOSOTROS ELLOS ELLAS USTEDES More information concerning the preterite tense Back to Top

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