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| This
group of verbs takes a bit of concentration. There are
many irregular forms dealing with the stem changers. These
verbs have a change of E
to I in most present tense
conjugation forms, some preterite forms, and almost all
present subjunctive forms. These verbs will have to be
studied in their conjugated forms in other sections of
this site. Don't think twice about it! Just like you did
when you learned English, once you understand the patterns,
it's easy to get it down! Most important of all is simply
to learn to recognize the stem-changers, and what kind
of stem change occurs.
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Click on the various items
in the top row below to hear explanations: |
 |
|
español
|
stem
change |
"yo"
|
subj
stem |
¿pretérito? |
¿futuro? |
inglés
|
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|
|
|
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|
|
|
| |
|
ceñir |
e-i
|
|
ciñ-
|
|
|
to
fit |
| |
|
comedirse |
e-i
|
|
comid-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
restrain, control oneself, be moderate |
 |
|
competir |
e-i
|
|
compit-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
compete |
|
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concebir |
e-i
|
|
concib-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
conceive, imagine, think |
|
|
conseguir |
e-i
|
|
consig-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
acquire, get, come across, manage |
|
|
contradecir |
e-i
|
-go
|
contradig-
|
contradij-
|
|
to
contradict |
|
|
corregir |
e-i
|
-jo
|
corrij-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
correct |
|
|
decir |
e-i
|
-go
|
dig-
|
dij-
|
dir-
|
to
say, tell |
| |
|
derretir |
e-i
|
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derrit-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
melt, liquefy, thaw |
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|
despedir |
e-i
|
|
despid-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
say goodbye, bid adieu, emit, discharge, set forth, dismiss,
give notice |
| |
|
desteñir |
e-i
|
|
destiñ-
|
|
|
to
fade |
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desvestir |
e-i
|
|
desvist-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
undress |
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|
elegir |
e-i
|
-jo
|
elij-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
elect, select, choose |
| |
|
embestir |
e-i
|
|
embist-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
attack |
| |
|
engreir |
e-i
|
-ío
|
engrí-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
spoil, make vain or conceited |
| |
|
estreñir |
e-i
|
|
estriñ-
|
|
|
to
constipate |
| |
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expedir |
e-i |
|
expid-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
send, expedite |
| |
|
freír |
e-i
|
-ío
|
frí-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
fry |
| |
|
gemir |
e-i
|
|
gim-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
moan, groam |
|
|
impedir |
e-i
|
|
impid-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
impede |
| |
|
investir |
e-i
|
|
invist-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
invest, endow, establish (legally) |
|
|
maldecir |
e-i
|
-go
|
maldig-
|
maldij-
|
|
to
curse, cuss |
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|
medir |
e-i
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|
mid-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
measure |
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|
pedir |
e-i
|
|
pid-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
request, ask for |
| |
|
perseguir |
e-i
|
|
persig-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
pursue, chase, hunt down, persecute |
| |
|
predecir |
e-i
|
-go
|
predig-
|
predij-
|
|
to
predict, foretell, forecast |
| |
|
proseguir |
e-i
|
|
prosig-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
continue, proceed with |
| |
|
reelegir |
e-i
|
-jo
|
reelij-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
reelect |
| |
|
reexpedir |
e-i
|
|
reexpid-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
reissue |
| |
|
regir |
e-i
|
-jo
|
rij-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
rule, govern, be in charge of, reign |
|
|
reír |
e-i
|
-ío
|
rí-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
laugh |
| |
|
rendir |
e-i
|
|
rind-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
render, conquer, subdue, deliver, give up, fatigue, exhaust,
wear out, yield, bring |
| |
|
reñir |
e-i
|
|
riñ-
|
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to
quarrel, fight, scold, tell off, reprimand |
| |
|
repetir |
e-i
|
|
repit-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
repeat |
| |
|
revestir |
e-i
|
|
revist-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
dress up the walls, decorate |
|
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seguir |
e-i
|
|
sig-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
follow, continue |
|
|
servir |
e-i
|
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sirv-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
serve |
|
|
sonreír |
e-i
|
-ío
|
sonrí-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
smile |
| |
|
subseguir |
e-i
|
|
subsig-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
follow next, be subsequent |
| |
|
teñir |
e-i
|
|
tiñ-
|
|
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to
dye, color, stain, tinge |
| |
|
trasgredir |
e-i
|
|
trasgrid-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
transgress, break, violate |
|
|
vestir |
e-i
|
|
vist-
|
3rd
e-i |
|
to
dress, get dressed |
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To
learn to really hate infinitives.